Refractive surgery is a type of eye surgery aimed at improving the refractive error of the eye, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for corrective lenses like glasses or contact lenses. Refractive errors occur when the shape of the eye does not bend light correctly, leading to blurred vision. The most common types of refractive errors are myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism (blurred vision at all distances), and presbyopia (loss of ability to focus on close objects due to aging).
Refractive surgery works by reshaping the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye, to alter how light rays are focused onto the retina at the back of the eye. This can be achieved through various surgical techniques, including:
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